![]() ![]() These events would create confusion about whether or not this was a deliberate attack. They can be destroyed through purposeful fruition or operational accidents. As for the disadvantages of using these submarines, an attack on an SLBM could be from the work of uncertainty. An SLBM is the most difficult to get accurate targeting for as it requires a precise geographical fix on a target. Because of its low detectability, quick mobility and concealment, SLBMs are almost invulnerable at sea. Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missiles (SLBMs), launched from submarines, allow for a greater chance of survival from a first strike, giving the commander a second-strike capability.Medium-range ballistic missiles and ground-launched cruise missiles were assigned to strategic targets but were eventually forbidden by an arms control treaty of the United States and Russia until 2019 when the United States withdrew from the treaty. Some ICBMs are mobile by either rail or road. While they are less expensive, they are still vulnerable. ICBMs do not contribute as much nuclear deterrence as bombers or submarines because they cannot be forward-deployed in a particular location. Some disadvantages of using ICBMs include weaker deterrence, compared to the other legs of the triad, and vulnerability. ![]() ![]() Because firing an ICBM is an unmistakable act, they provide stronger clarity about when a country is under attack and who the attacker is. If launched from a fixed, unmovable position, such as a missile silo, they are vulnerable to a first strike, though their interception once aloft is substantially difficult. It offers militaries the ability to launch a nuclear attack more quickly than the other two options. On top of these advantages, ICBMs are known as the most immediate leg of the triad. These missiles can also be launched, and reach targets, faster than the other legs of the triad. Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs) allow for a long-range strike launched from a controlled environment.It also makes it possible for bombers to be alert and on standby, making these airborne assets nearly impossible to eliminate in a first strike. Bombers that contain an aerial refueling fleet support intercontinental strategic operations for both heavy bombers and smaller aircraft. Aircraft such as the Mirage 2000, F-15E, A-5 Vigilante, Sea Harrier, or FB-111 were tasked with land or sea-based strategic nuclear attack missions. If dispersed in small airfields or aboard an aircraft carrier, they can reasonably avoid a counterstrike giving them regional second-strike capacity. For example, a bomber armed with AGM-129 ACM missiles could be classified as a first-strike weapon and bombers that are classified as an aerial refueling aircraft would constitute as a second-strike weapon. Bombers can serve as both a first- and second-strike weapon. Furthermore, bombers that are scrambled might intensify tension and arouse suspicion of an upcoming nuclear strike. During an event, an enemy could suspect that a conventionally-armed bomber was actually carrying a nuclear weapon, encouraging the enemy to attack the bomber or make a nuclear strike. Bombers can hold both nuclear and conventional weapons. Some disadvantages include confusion on the type of payload. Since bombers are recallable, sending them away from a potential target is a highly visible way of demonstrating to enemies and allies that a nation wants to resolve a fight, thus preventing war. They have greater flexibility in their deployment and weaponry, and can be quickly deployed and recalled in response to last-minute decisions. Strategic bombers are the first leg of the triad.It also gives the commander-in-chief the flexibility to use different types of weapons for the appropriate strike while also maintaining a reserve of nuclear weapons safe from a counter-force strike. Having three legs also protects against new technology, like an enemy missile-defense system. The United States built its triad to maximize the probability that it could retaliate for a first strike. The triad enables a nation to deliver a nuclear attack by land, sea or air. They are classified under an umbrella of vessels and submarines that are capable of launching a ballistic missile. Ballistic missile submarines ( SSBNs): Nuclear missiles launched from ships or submarines.Land-based missiles ( MRBMs or ICBMs): Delivery vehicles powered by a liquid or solid-fueled rocket that primarily travel in a ballistic (free-fall) trajectory.Bomber aircraft: Aircraft carrying nuclear bombs, or nuclear-armed cruise missiles, for use against ground or sea targets.Only the United States and Russia have maintained strong nuclear triads for most of the nuclear age. While traditional nuclear strategy holds that a nuclear triad provides the best level of deterrence from attack, most nuclear powers do not have the military budget to sustain a full triad. ![]()
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